Useful Tips for Traveling with a Baby

August 5th, 2010 by Mick

Traveling with a baby this summer?  The key to successful traveling with a baby is preparation. Here are some useful tips to consider when traveling with your baby.

Always use a car seat when you take your baby or child in the car. If you are planning a long car trip (over an hour), here are some ways to keep your baby interested and occupied:

Use ribbon or yarn (no longer than 12 inches) to hang toys from the clothes hooks in the back seat.Tape some pictures facing your baby so she has something interesting to look at.Tie or hook some toys to the car seat. Your baby can enjoy the toys without requiring retrieval every 5 minutes.Take a break at least every 1 and 1/2 hours unless the baby is sleeping–then stop as soon as she wakes up.Babies don’t like the sun in their face any more than we do. Use either a wide brimmed hat or block the sun with a car window shade or a piece of cardboard attached to the car seat and/or window. (Make sure you can still see out of the car!)Keep a wet washcloth or towelettes in the car for sticky, sweaty baby hands and faces.Bring snack foods for your baby. Bagels are good for babies who are teething because they don’t make many crumbs.Bring snack foods for yourself and for older children in case your baby decides to sleep through scheduled dinner stops and you decide to make time rather than stop and wake the baby up.Always keep cold water in a thermos and bring disposable plastic cups.

Most airlines offer special discounts when booking a seat for children under 2. Children under the age of 2 years travel free on most airlines, but this means that they may have to sit on your lap if the plane is full. When you make your reservations, try to avoid a full flight. (Babies must be at least 7 days old to fly on any airline.)

There are FAA-approved car seats. Check on this when purchasing your car seat. It is best to let the airline know ahead of time that you will bring a car seat.A car seat is generally not counted as a carry-on item as long as your child is sitting in it. If you stow it in the overhead because your child is sitting on your lap, it’s counted as one of your carry-ons.If possible, reserve a bulkhead seat (just behind the bulkhead that separates coach and first class), since it has the most room. Ask the airline if they have bassinets that attach to the bulkhead wall.If you can, schedule your flight to avoid the busiest times of day at airports (8 to 10 a.m., 4 to 7 p.m.).Give yourself plenty of time–arrive at the airport and check in early so that you can get the baby settled before others board the plane.If you are traveling by yourself and won’t be met at your destination, a portable stroller is a lifesaver. You can generally fold it up and take it on board with you.If you have to change planes, be sure to schedule additional time for the connection.For takeoff and landing, put the seat belt just around you and hold your baby on your lap or put it in a front carrier. Don’t place the seat belt around the baby.Remember that your baby’s ears may plug up or hurt on takeoff or landing due to the change in cabin air pressure. Swallowing helps equalize the air pressure. You can help keep your baby’s ears clear by nursing or feeding when the plane is climbing and descending.Diapering can be a hassle on the plane. Try to double-diaper or use ultra-absorbent disposable diapers just before you board the plane, and then change in the airport bathroom after the flight arrives. (If you do change diapers on the plane and are using disposable diapers, you can use an airsickness bag to dispose of them.)The flight attendants can warm food and bottles for you. Be sure to also bring small snacks your baby can nibble on and play with (such as cereal, bagels, etc.).Be sure to clean up your seat area before you de-plane.Given all the equipment you have to carry when you travel with a baby, it is easiest to let other passengers de-plane before you.Car rental agencies generally have infant seats available with their cars. You need, however, to reserve the seat when you reserve the car. It is also wise to call ahead to the local agency where you will pick up the car to confirm that the car seat is available.

Traveling on a train is one of the safest modes of transportation. Because train travel is a slower form of travel, you’ll be able to take in sights and walk around with your baby.

Child safety seats are allowed on board if you reserve a seat. But there are no safety belts to secure the seat.Arrive at the station early–don’t rush to your train.Try to get seats facing each other, so you can put the baby in the seat across from you.Temperatures can change on the train, so dress your baby in layers of clothing and remove or add as necessary.Be sure to bring appropriate food. The train will probably have a dining or snack car but bringing snacks will prevent you from having to move throughout the train with your child, which is safer and more convenient.You may be able to have your baby food and bottles refrigerated and warmed.Have some toys that are reserved only for restaurants (make sure they are not too noisy).Let your older baby play with ice in an unbreakable cup.If your are breastfeeding, you can breastfeed most easily in a booth that is out of the main traffic flow.Put your baby in the high chair just when the food is served–that will help prevent her from becoming restless in case there is a long wait after you order.Unless you want your baby to eat the restaurant’s crackers, bring snacks for your baby to eat.Feed your baby before you go to the restaurant if possible.You may want to take a baby food grinder along to share some of your dinner with your baby.Babies generally make a mess–be sure that you clean up before you leave, and that you leave a larger tip than normal for the staff.Ask for a table by the window so baby can watch the sights outside.Avoid restaurant foods for your baby that spoil easily: cold meats, fish, eggs, foods with mayonnaise, etc. Order milk only if it comes in its own container.If your baby becomes disruptive in the high chair, take her for a stroll outside or to the restrooms or let her have some time on your lap. (This is a last resort, because once on your lap she may not want to go back to the high chair.)Pack electrical plug covers for outlets in the house or hotel room.Pack a few familiar items that the baby has in her crib at home (such as mirror, blankets, or stuffed animals).Reserve a crib at the hotel and ask if there is a family section. If not, ask for a more secluded section of the hotel so your baby will not disturb others if she cries at night.Ask for a non-smoking room on the lower level. This makes it easier when bringing in luggage and baby supplies.Ask if there is a refrigerator in the room. Some hotels will put a temporary refrigerator in your room for an extra charge.Find out where the nearest store is so you can buy diapers and snacks. Also find out if the hotel has a restaurant that has baby friendly foods.If you travel frequently, it may be wise to invest in a portable crib for your baby–that way you can confine the baby and you’ll sleep more easily.Move any dangerous objects in the room out of the way. Cover sharp corners with blankets.If you have been traveling all day, take time to do some activities with your baby before putting her to bed (such as swimming or bath time).Follow your baby’s normal eating, sleeping, and bedtime routine as much as possible.If your baby is used to sleeping in her own room, you may need to sit quietly in the bathroom or outside the door while your baby falls asleep. Bring a good book to read while you wait.

Tags: air travel, car seat, restaurants, summer, traveling, travelling

This entry was posted on Thursday, August 5th, 2010 at 3:37 pm and is filed under Baby Health & Nutrition, Baby Safety. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.

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For Infant Sleep, Receptiveness is More Important than Routine

Sleep: the one thing constantly on the minds of new parents; of course with good reason.  Establishing a sleep schedule is imperative if anyone in the house is to get some sleep once the new baby arrives.  The best way to go about ensuring a good night’s sleep?  That has been a widely debated subject still without a ‘best practice’ conclusion.  However, parental receptiveness may be more poignant than a nighttime routine, according to a new study.

It was previously thought that too much parental attentiveness at bedtime only hindered a baby’s ability to fall (and stay) asleep on their own , yet the Penn State research team actually found the opposite to be true.  Published in the Journal of Family Psychology, the study reveals that parents who are emotionally receptive can help reduce sleep disruptions ultimately helping babies and toddlers get a better night’s sleep.

The study examined mothers’ behaviors during their infants’ bedtime; noting the parents who had the most success responded appropriately to their children’s’ cues.  These cues included gazing inquisitively at their parents’ face or showing disinterest in an activity.  For example, one mother responded promptly with reassuring words whenever her baby vocalized during breastfeeding.

In stark contrast, one mother in the study used “stern directives” while trying to read her child a bedtime story and was trying to force the child to remain engaged in the activity even though the child was clearly losing interest.  The same child got up and left the room several times before actually falling asleep.

Another key finding of the study was that little correlation was found between the amount of face time parents spent with their child before bed and sleep disruptions- essentially rebutting previous studies that tout otherwise. Study authors note that parents might find the results of this study a bit challenging because being emotionally available, or tuning into your child’s cues, is actually more effective than any specific bedtime behavior.  Also, as the authors note, emotions are the most fundamental means of parent-child communication.  This was the first study to use video cameras in both the parent and child’s room to capture direct behavioral observation.  There are many more studies to come as the research team plans to continue the study focusing on other areas including sleep disruption, parenting styles at bedtime, child’s temperament, and development.  Until then, we’ll sleep on it.

Tags: infant sleep, nighttime routine

This entry was posted on Sunday, August 15th, 2010 at 5:29 pm and is filed under Baby Parenting. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.

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Crib Guide from Consumer Reports

Below is the latest information regarding crib safety and safe infant sleeping from Consumer Reports.

While you might consider a bassinet, cradle, or bedside sleeper at first (some common alternatives for your baby’s first four months or so), your child is safest in a crib. Certification by the Juvenile Products Manufacturers Associate on a bassinet can offer a layer of protection that uncertified models cannot, but a JPMA label is no guarantee of safety. We don’t recommend bedside sleepers (also referred to as “co-sleepers”) at all because there are neither voluntary nor mandatory standards covering them. This crib guide will help you to make your buying decision.

The safest cribs are basic, with simple lines and no scrollwork or finials-infants can strangle if their clothing gets caught in such detail work. Heeding this advice will get you a safer crib-and save you money. Recent recalls have raised concerns about the safety of cribs with drop sides. We recommend that you look first for a crib with stationary sides until more stringent and comprehensive safety standards are developed. Consumer Reports’ tests, which are based on the existing safety standards, do not address the durability issues associated with some recent recalls that could affect safety.

If possible, avoid buying or accepting a used crib. Older models might not meet current safety standards or might be in disrepair. If you must use an older crib, avoid those built before 2000, about a year after the latest voluntary standards for slat-attachment strength took effect. By law, the production date of the crib has to be displayed on the crib and on its shipping carton.

Still, be on the lookout for safety hazards. Even when you’re buying new, bring a ruler with you when you shop. If the spaces between the slats—or anywhere else on the crib—are greater than 2 3/8 inches (2.375 inches) wide, they are too far apart. If you buy online, measure any openings immediately when the crib arrives at your home.

Check for sharp edges and protruding screws, nuts, corner posts, decorative knobs, and other pieces that could catch a baby’s clothing at the neck. Buying new could help to protect your baby from hidden dangers such as drop sides, slats, or hardware that might have been weakened by rough use, or excessive dampness or heat during storage.

The simplest in-store test is to shake the crib slightly to see if the frame seems loose. But be aware that display models aren’t always as tightly assembled as they could be. Without applying excessive pressure, try rotating each slat to see if it’s well secured to the railings. You shouldn’t find loose bars on a new crib, or any cracking if they are made of wood.

In the store, pair the mattress and crib you plan to buy to make sure that they’re a good fit. (Mattresses typically are sold separately.) By law, a mattress used in a full-size crib must be at least 27 1/4 inches wide by 51 5/8 inches long and no more than 6 inches thick. Still, do a quick check. If you can place more than two fingers between the mattress and the crib frame, the fit isn’t snug enough.

Cribs are shipped unassembled, so if you’re not sure that you can put a crib together correctly (typically a two-person job that requires up to an hour-from unpacking to complete assembly), ask the retailer to send a qualified assembly crew to your home. That can cost an extra $70 or more unless assembly is included in the retail price, but it can give you valuable peace of mind. Besides saving tempers and fingers, crib assembly by the store allows you to inspect the crib on the spot-and reject it if you discover flaws.

Assemble the crib or have it assembled where your baby will be sleeping initially, such as in your bedroom (recommended for your baby’s first six months). Once it’s put together, the crib might not fit through a small doorway, and you might need to disassemble and reassemble it in your baby’s nursery six months later. Having the baby in your room might not be convenient, but you’ll have the reassurance that your baby is sleeping in the safest possible place.

Most cribs have this feature, some with only three levels and some with several levels. The higher levels make it easier to take your infant out of the crib but become dangerous when your child is able to pull herself to a standing position. Before your child reaches that stage-about 6 months-the mattress should be at its lowest setting. Bumper pads and large toys help your little escape artists to climb out, which is another reason that they don’t belong in the crib.

Place your baby’s crib well away from windows, window blinds, wall hangings, curtains, toys, and other furniture so that an adventurous baby can’t get to anything dangerous.

For safety’s sake, monitor your child’s development closely and stop using a crib as soon as your toddler can climb out. At that point, consider a toddler bed with child railings or put the mattress on the floor. Don’t put your child back into the crib after the first “escape,” regardless of his age. A child attempting to climb out of a crib can fall and be seriously injured.

When buying the mattress, make sure you also buy sheets that fit. If a sheet isn’t the correct fit, your baby might pull it up and become entangled. Test the sheet by pulling up on each corner to make sure it doesn’t pop off the mattress corner.

After you crib has been in use for awhile, make sure to check all the hardware periodically and tighten or replace anything that’s missing or loose. Missing and loose parts are a leading cause of accidents and death, because they can create gaps where a baby can wedge his head and neck, and suffocate or strangle. Tighten all nuts, bolts, and screws. Check mattress support attachments regularly to make sure none of them are bent or broken. If you move a crib, double-check that all support hangers are secure.

Let your baby sleep unencumbered. Don’t wrap your bundle of joy in blankets or comforters when he’s in the crib. He can quickly become entangled and might not be able to free himself. Pillows, quilts, comforters, sheepskins, stuffed animals, or dolls don’t belong in the bassinet or crib. And remember that babies can quickly overheat. Put yours to sleep in lightweight clothes and set the thermostat at a comfortable 70 degrees. Infant sleepwear should fit snuggly and be made of flame-resistant fabric, with no drawstrings, ribbons, or anything else that might catch on something. Buttons and snaps should be firmly attached to avoid becoming a choking hazard.

Always put your baby to sleep on his back, not his stomach, to minimize the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and rebreathing, a sometimes fatal circumstance that can occur when a baby is sleeping on his stomach or trapped in soft bedding. As a result the child “rebreathes” his own carbon dioxide rather than breathing in oxygen-rich fresh air. The lack of oxygen can cause death.

Don’t use a sleep positioner to keep your baby on his or her back. Many sleep positioner models, including some made of memory foam, can be lethal. If the infant moves down and presses his or her face against the soft surface, the air passages can be blocked, causing suffocation.

Tags: crib, crib guide, crib safety

This entry was posted on Wednesday, September 1st, 2010 at 8:25 am and is filed under Baby Safety. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.

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How to Choose Healthy Baby and Toddler Foods

As Mum Mum’s recently reported, a Canadian study found that baby and toddler foods were loaded with sugar.  It was essentially assumed that baby and toddler foods were immune to the over-processing of many adult oriented foods but alas this is not the case.  This left many mums wondering: how can we choose healthy baby and toddler foods?

Sugar
Regulations for “healthy? baby food are almost non-existent as calorie restriction is not appropriate for babies and toddlers because they are rapidly growing and developing. With regard to sugar, it is not a nutrient so again, label requirements are loose.  Bear in mind that babies acquire a taste for sugar; they are not born with it so the more sugar you give your baby in the first year of life may set the “sweetness? threshold too high running the risk of babies refusing foods that are not as sweet like vegetables and cereals. 

The caution with sugar is to be on the lookout for added sugars in the ingredients like corn syrup, high fructose corn syrup, or other sweeteners. For example, fruit pureed in a jar of baby food can have a high sugar content but fruits contain natural sugars along with a great deal of vitamins as long as the fruit is the only ingredient listed.  

Fat
Babies need fat, especially during the first two years of life, for healthy brain development but not all fats are created equally. In fact, breast milk contains about 50% fat yet most women in America do not breastfeed for an entire year. Absolutely no trans fats should be given to babies, toddlers, or children. It is currently a labeling law that foods must print that the food contains trans fats but some companies do not. If one of the ingredients is “hydrogenated? or “partially hydrogenated oil? you know for sure that food contains trans fats even the label doesn’t say so. Fat should be good from sources like avocadoes, breast milk, whole milk dairy like yogurt or cheese, or infant formula.

Other Additives
As a general rule for buying healthy baby and toddler foods: less is more. Seek out the purest foods that you can reasonably afford. Introducing solids to your baby is a fun, wonderful experience and also sets the tone for their developing taste buds.  The more natural food you give your baby, the more their palette will appreciate and learn to love fresh, healthy, foods.  Added salt is unnecessary for infants and is often added to canned, jarred, or processed foods to increase shelf stability.  Watch out for other ingredients your baby doesn’t need like food colorings, additives, preservatives or other ingredients you don’t recognize.  If you can’t pronounce a food ingredient on a label- don’t give it your baby!

Tags: healthy baby food, healthy toddler food, introducing solids

This entry was posted on Tuesday, August 10th, 2010 at 12:06 pm and is filed under Baby Feeding. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.

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Babies Having Soda and Cakes? Yes, according to new Australian research

So you have your newborn baby at her first outing to a birthday party, should you offer her a bit of your cake, or perhaps a sip of your soda?  Of course not, but if you think that nobody ever does that sort of thing anymore – think again.  A recent study found that an alarming number of babies have tried a variety sugar filled treats even before 2 months of age.

Renowned experts and ‘go to’ resources for maternal and infant health across the globe can agree on at least one universal recommendation: babies should be exclusively breastfed for the first 6 months of life.  Despite the global increase in advocacy for both breastfeeding rates and duration, it was made clear from this new study that there is a long way to go to improve our babies’ diets.

Published in Nutrition and Dietetics, the study revealed that some 4-week old babies had already been introduced to high salt, sugar, and fat foods.  Lead researcher Jane Scott explains:  “Almost one in four mothers had introduced fruit juice, biscuits and cakes to their infants by six months of age. This is a worry because eating habits developed early in life usually continue throughout a person’s lifetime — and an overweight child is much more likely to become an overweight adult.”

Scott and colleagues tracked 587 women from two Perth maternity hospitals for 12 months after birth via phone interviews as a means to understand how these new babies were being fed by their mums.  The information gathered also provided further evidence to delay introduction of solid foods to 6 months; as babies who were started early on solids or had 2 or more siblings had an increased chance of consuming salty, high fat, and sugary foods by their first birthday.

What this Means for Mums

Yes, we are just as shocked as you are but knowledge is power so this is an important topic to discuss.  Mum Mum’s reported just a few short months ago that many baby and toddler snack foods on the market were laden with fat and sugar; again encouraging babies to develop a ‘taste’ for salty or sweet foods.  Whether or not you chose to wait until your baby is 5-6 months old to introduce solids is up to you, but it is most important to start with natural foods like fruits and vegetables.  Babies, not even young children, do not need sweets, sodas, or snack type foods.  In fact, during the first year of life breast milk or formula provides all the nutrition your baby needs.  If you are unsure about how to feed your baby, please seek the assistance of a physician or a registered dietitian.

Tags: baby food, breastfeeding, toddler snacks

This entry was posted on Wednesday, September 22nd, 2010 at 2:37 am and is filed under Baby Feeding. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.

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How to Choose Safe Baby and Toddler Products

August 30th, 2010 by Colleen Hurley, RD, Certified Kid’s Nutrition Specialist

For the month of September, Mum Mum’s will be focusing  our attention on the safety of the products that your child comes into contact with everyday.  We’ve already discussed choosing healthy baby and toddler foods, but what about non-food items? How do parents go about becoming child safety savvy? Here are 7 tips for shopping for safe baby and toddler products:

Choose age-appropriate:  as a basic rule, be sure that any products you buy (especially toys) are age appropriate to avoid any accidents, physical harm, or choking hazards.Keep up with recalls:  Stay on top of product recalls by both searching the web and visiting the Consumer Product Safety Commission’s (CSPS) website for the most up to date child product recall information.Follow the guidelines: Follow the safety guidelines, also published by the CSPS, as well as individual product recommendations for assembly and use.Research and review: the internet can be a valuable place for new parents, especially before purchasing some of the bigger ticket items like cribs, highchairs, and car seats.  If you have a particular product in mind, search through blogs, opinions, or other review before you buy.Seek independence: look for independent reviews or testing/evaluation on a product provided by a third party company.  Consumer Reports is a great resource and has a whole section dedicated to babies and children. Go to the Source: the most reputable product manufacturers or even their vendors will provide public statements about product content, manufacturing procedures, materials, and quality assurance testing.Keep a watchful eye: the best way to keep kids safe is to keep an eye on them at all times.  In addition, periodically perform random product checks of your own on the items you or your child use frequently to make sure nothing is broken, poses a potential injury, or has any paint chipping off.

Tags: safe baby products, safe toddler products

This entry was posted on Monday, August 30th, 2010 at 9:32 am and is filed under Baby Development, Baby Safety. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.

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Car Seat Safety

Mum Mum’s focus this month is on product safety, thus we are following up on our crib guide with another pivotal parental purchase – car seats.  Parents have the daunting task of shopping in an inundated market for a product critical for safely carrying their most precious cargo.  To help parents along is a car seat shopping guide as seen on HealthyChildren.org; a website for families run by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). This is the AAP’s most up to date information on how to purchase a safe car seat:

Time to Buckle Up the Right Way

Every parent knows never to let a child ride in a car without buckling up in an approved car safety seat. But are you aware that some studies estimate that as many as 80 percent of car safety seats are used incorrectly? That means four out of every five children are riding in improperly installed, poorly fitting and/or damaged seats that may not protect them as designed in the event of a crash.

Even more shocking is the fact that many parents are completely unaware that their child is among those at risk. Before you drive another mile with your kids in the car, review these tips for selecting, installing, and using car safety seats.

Good, Better or Best?

No one seat is “best” or “safest.” When choosing a car safety seat, remember:

Cost is not an indicator of quality. All car safety seats available for purchase in the United States must meet very strict safety standards established and maintained by the federal government.Fit is key. Before you buy, put your child in the seat and adjust the harnesses and buckles. Also, try installing the seat in your car to ensure it fits properly and securely.

New Is Better

Avoid a used car safety seat, especially one from a yard sale or thrift shop, because there is no way to know the seat’s history. Most manufacturers recommend that car safety seats only be used for a certain number of years. Car safety seats wear out over time, and older seats may be missing important parts, labels, or instructions. Secondhand seats may have damage that you cannot see, or may have been recalled.

Size Matters

Your baby should ride rear-facing until she has reached at least one year of age and weighs at least 20 pounds. At that point, she can face forward; however, it’s best for her to ride rear-facing as long as possible. Convertible seats and some infant-only seats have rear-facing weight limits of 30 to 35 pounds and height limits of at least 32 to 36 inches. Once your baby has outgrown the rear-facing weight or height limit for her seat, she should ride in a forward-facing seat until she outgrows it. If you have used your convertible seat rear-facing, you will need to make some adjustments before using it forward-facing. Be sure to follow the manufacturer’s instructions. When she has outgrown her harness-style seat (check the instructions for the forward-facing height and weight limits), she should ride in a booster seat until the seat belt fits properly. This means that the shoulder belt lies across the middle of the chest and shoulder, the lap belt is low and snug across the thighs, and the child is tall enough to sit against the vehicle seat back with her knees bent without slouching and can stay in this position comfortably throughout the trip. This is usually when the child reaches about 4’9” and is between 8 and 12 years of age.

Tight Is Right

When installing any car safety seat, remember: The seat must be buckled tightly into your vehicle and your child must be buckled snugly into the seat. If you can pinch any harness webbing between your fingers, and/or the seat can be moved more than one inch from side to side or toward the front of the car, then you need to tighten it up.

Read Up on Safety

Always read and follow the manufacturer’s instructions, which outline proper installation and usage. If you don’t have the instructions, contact the manufacturer for a replacement copy.

Back Seat Is Best

The safest place for all children to ride is in the back seat. It is especially important never to place a child in a rear-facing car safety seat in the front seat of a vehicle that has a passenger air bag.

Call for Help

Still puzzled? A Child Passenger Safety (CPS) Technician can answer questions and help install your car safety seat.

Tags: car seats, purchasing safe car seats, safe car seats

This entry was posted on Wednesday, September 8th, 2010 at 2:44 pm and is filed under Baby Safety. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.

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Healthy Toddler Snacks

Is your child too busy playing to stop and eat? When he does slow down for a snack, does he take only 2 bites and race back to what he was doing? If you answered yes to these questions, you are probably the parent of a toddler. With such erratic eating habits, it is important you provide healthy, nutritious snacks for your toddler.

Nutrient Density

A general rule of thumb when it comes to healthy toddler snacks is to aim for nutrient density and avoid empty calories.  Nutrient density is the ratio of nutrients to calories and essentially means getting the greatest amount of nutrients in the least amount of calories. Calorie restriction is not recommended for toddlers; however, you can get more bang for your buck when it comes to food choices. Empty calories are those foods high in calories, but providing very little to no nutrients – sugary drinks or soda are examples.

Keep in mind, as stated in the toddler feeding guide, your child may only want to eat crackers for several days. This is perfectly normal so just keep offering other food options and eventually she will want something else.  If you are still nursing 3-4 times per day, know that she is getting plenty of nutrients from breast milk. If you have weaned her off the breast, limit milk to 2-3 cups per day as this may replace her desire to eat other foods. 

 A few simple rules for toddler snacking:

Kids love finger foodsAim for nutrient densityAvoid Empty CaloriesLet them grazeKeep in mind they have tiny tummies

 Power Packed Snacks

Although snacks are not meant to replace meals, they can be a good opportunity to provide the nutrients he might have missed when he refused to eat his lunch.  Here are some toddler snacks that are fun and healthy:

  Hit the Trail Mix: mix dried fruit and his favorite dried cerealBanana-sickles: stick ½ banana on a Popsicle stick, spread on some nut butter, and roll in cereal or granolaEggs-citing: eggs are a great source of iron and protein. Try a hard-boiled egg, an afternoon omelet, or egg salad in a mini pita pocketCheese Please: cheese is a great source of calcium, try cheese cubes or string cheese with some grapesSlice it up: you can’t go wrong with fresh fruit; try sliced apples, pears, or oranges. Serve with some nut butter to dipVeggie dip: try raw carrot or celery sticks, steamed broccoli or peapods with a side of ranch dressingSmooth Sailing: mix frozen berries, a splash of milk, ½ banana, and a few scoops of plain or vanilla yogurt

Tags: healthy toddler snacks, toddler feeding

This entry was posted on Wednesday, August 18th, 2010 at 3:54 pm and is filed under Baby Feeding, Baby Nutrition. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.

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Common Parenting Plan Templates

June 24th, 2010Leave a commentGo to comments

To get started making your parenting plan, you should first look at some . Here are some types of common templates that can give you a foundation for making the rest of your plan.

1. A joint legal and physical custody template. This is a type of shared parenting plan. With a joint legal and physical custody plan, both parents have the children live with them for significant periods of time (these exact arrangements are based on the needs of the children and not on giving the parents equal time) and both parents make decisions for and are involved with the children. To make this kind of plan, it works best if the mother and father can sit down together and agree on the plan.

2. A joint legal and sole physical custody template. In this plan, the parents share the responsibility of making decisions for the children (legal custody) but the child lives primarily with one parent and visits the other parent. This type of plan works if one parent is the primary caretaker of the children but the other parent still wants access to records and wants to be involved with the children.

3. A sole legal and physical custody template. With this arrangement, one parent has all legal responsibility for the children and makes all of the decisions for them. The parents also live with this parent and visit the other parent. This template is not a very good one if both parents are involved in the child’s life. In cases of domestic violence and crime, this is the template the parents usually follow.

Should You Have a Sole or Joint Custody Parenting Plan?

What kind of parenting plan is the best one for your child and you? To help you decide, this post looks at the difference between a sole and a joint parenting plan.

A Sole Custody Parenting Plan

A sole custody parenting plan can mean a few different things because there are two types of custody: physical and legal. Physical custody refers to the parenting time that each parent has the children, and legal custody refers to the parental responsibility that each parent has for the children. For example, physical custody covers how the parents will share custody and visitation and legal custody covers how the mother and father will make decisions for the child. If one parent has sole physical custody of the child it means that the child lives primarily with that parent and visits the other parent. If a parent has sole legal custody, it means that parent has the authority to make all decisions for the child.

A sole parenting plan is usually referring to a situation where a parent has sole physical custody. The parent may also have sole legal custody, but that is a more unusual situation. This type of plan will have a sole custody parenting time schedule where the child lives with one parent (usually called the custodial parent) and visits the other parent (the non-custodial parent). A typical sole custody schedule is the weekend schedule–where one parent has the children during the week and the other parent has visitation on the weekends. The visitation can be every weekend, every other weekend, the 1st and 3rd weekends, the 2nd and 4th weekend, etc. The parents can also schedule a visit during the week if they want.

Generally, the non-custodial parent will pay child support to the custodial parent. This is because the custodial parent has a lot more financial obligation to the child because the child is living with that parent. A sole parenting plan can also have a provision about how the parents will pay for extra expenses for the child. They may also want to come up with a way to track expenses.

Parents can also add other provisions in the sole agreement to help the situation work better. Some common provisions include a process for how parents will resolve disputes, how the parents will handle transportation for the visits, how changes can be made to the visitation schedule, etc.

Some states have a preference for a joint parenting plan, so in these states a parent who wants a sole parenting plan must be prepared to show why a sole plan is better for the child.

A Joint Parenting Plan

A joint custody parenting plan is when the parents share physical and legal custody. It doesn’t necessarily mean that each parent has the children exactly half of the time. Instead, it means that the parenting time schedule gives both parents significant time with the children. In a joint plan, both parents are involved with raising the children.

One parent may still pay child support in a joint arrangement. The parents also agree to share the other expenses that come up with the child. A joint plan should specify how the parents will handle the finances of raising the child. Parents can also add provisions that can help the plan work more smoothly. They may need to have provisions about resolving disputes, making changes to the plan, handling transportation for exchanges, etc.

Some states have a preference for joint custody. If this is the case, the court will look more favorably on a joint parenting plan.

A Parenting Plan Template for Parents in High Conflict

July 12th, 2010Leave a commentGo to comments

Philip M. Stahl has an excellent book called Parenting After Divorce: A Guide to Resolving Conflicts and Meeting Your Children’s  Needs. In this book, he has a section about parenting plans for parents with high conflict situations. As he talks about what is needed in the plan, he says: “You might find that more detail is needed than you think so that there is less conflict in the future. If you create a careful and well-thought-out parenting plan, you can save considerable aggravation later.” He than recommends the following parenting plan template for parents in high conflict.

1. A clear and well defined schedule. Along with a schedule that shows when each parent has the children, Stahl recommends that parents specify how exchanges will be made for visits, a procedure for a one-time change to the schedule, who has the ultimate power to decide when the parents disagree, etc.

2. Information about making decisions for the children. The parenting plan should state if the parent who has physical custody has the right to make daily decisions and how the parents will make big decisions together.

3. Information about financial responsibilities. The parents needs to decide how they will pay for things that aren’t covered by child support.

4. A process for how the parents will manage disputes. Parents can use mediation, arbitration, or another method to resolve disputes without going to court.

5. Provisions about: who will provide care when the parent isn’t available during custody time (the right of first refusal gives the other parent priority), how the parents will handle transportation during exchanges, how the parents will review and make changes to the plan, how the parents will handle additional responsibilities of parenting (like if the child gets sick, going to school meetings, etc), how the parents will manage the child’s religious education, and how the parents will share information with each other.

It makes a lot of sense if parents have a lot of conflict to make a really detailed parenting plan. The nice thing about the custody software Custody X Change, is that it lets parents add all of these parts to the plan. It also helps parents in high conflict because they can use the computer to make the process more objective–they can look at the screen and explore different options for parenting time, they can use the timeshare calculator to know exactly what’s going on, they can easily make sample and example plans, they can easily make changes as needed, etc. If you are in a high conflict custody situation, Stahl’s book can be a good reference. Custody X Change can also help you get a good, detailed parenting plan that can make the situation better.

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